Monday, May 18, 2015

Fitness 101 -- Cardiovascular Training

Since I'm home recuperating from my knee surgery (and really have no excuse), I thought I'd add a new post to continue my topic from earlier in the year....Fitness 101





Let's begin with Cardiovascular training.  We are told that we need to be doing some form of cardiovascular exercise every day, but what does that mean exactly?

From the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) website: "Any sport or activity that works large groups of muscles, is continually maintained and performed rhythmically is defined as aerobic, or cardiovascular, exercise. For long-term cardiovascular health, the ACSM points out that it's important to choose a variety of exercises that stimulate and challenge your muscles, heart and lungs. ACSM classifies cardiovascular exercises into three groups based on the skill level, caloric burn and intensity."

Group I

"Cardiovascular exercises that don't require you to develop a skill, but that are consistent in intensity level and energy expenditure -- the number of calories you burn -- are classified by ACSM as Group I activities. These types of activities include walking, jogging, cycling, and stair climbing. If your workout at the gym includes using cardiovascular machines such as a treadmill, stationary bike or elliptical machine, you are doing Group I cardiovascular exercises."

Group II

"Cardiovascular exercises that vary in the amount of calories you burn based on how hard you work are classified as Group II activities. Group II exercises include swimming, water aerobics, dance aerobics and hiking. As you work harder during these activities and increase your intensity level, you burn more calories. Group II cardiovascular exercises are not dependent on your skill level -- even as a beginner, you can increase your intensity and burn more calories."

Group III

"Sports and activities such as volleyball, basketball and tennis are classified as Group II exercises. When doing Group III activities, your cardiovascular benefit will depend on how hard you work and how well you perform in these sports. For example, if you play tennis, when you practice more and improve your skills, you'll swing more at the ball with greater intensity. As you become better at the sport and put more energy into it, you'll burn more calories."


The ACSM 2010 Guidelines for Cardiovascular Stimulus recommend that a person do cardio exercise (any activity that uses large muscle groups, can be maintained continuously and is aerobic in nature) 3-5 days a week.
A combination of moderate and vigorous intensity is recommended for most adults. Moderate-intensity  only exercise (40-<60% maximum heart rate) should be at least 30 min. long for 5 or more days for a total of 150 min. per week. Vigorous-intensity only exercise (>60-85% max. heart rate) should be 20-25 min on 3 or more days for a total of 75 min. per week.  Lower intensity exercise (30-40% max. heart rate) can be used for extremely deconditioned adults.

To promote or maintain weight loss, 50-60 min. per day to a total of 300 min. per week of moderate exercise is recommended. This doesn't have to be done all at once--intermittent exercise of at least 10 min. in duration to accumulate the times listed above is an alternative strategy.


Step count can be used as well--a minimum of 3,000-4,000 steps of moderate-vigorous-intensity of walking is recommended with 10,000 steps being a goal for weight loss.

To improve the cardiorespiratory system, overload must occur.  This means that the body must be given an appropriate challenge--it needs to be working harder than it's used to.  This can be done by changing the frequency, intensity, duration or mode of exercise, being careful not to cause injury by increasing any of the above too much, too soon.  It needs to be progressive. 

Next, what is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic exercise?



Tuesday, February 24, 2015

The Power of Less


I've been reading the book, The Power of Less by Leo Babauta and the above quote is in the Introduction.  This quote really struck me.  It kind of goes with the "don't sweat the small stuff" way of thinking, but I like the use of the word "essential."  

This is a great way to look at any goals you have for your life.  What is essential for you?  What is necessary?  What do you truly want to achieve?

Since this is what I do, I'm going to focus on health and fitness.  Take a moment and write down what's truly important for you in your life as far as your health and fitness goes right now.  This is the best place to start. Then focus on one thing at a time to make it happen.

I know that I've been spending a lot of time writing about goals--how to make them and how to keep them.  But, really, isn't that the most important thing we need to know how to do in order to change our habits and ultimately our life?

Leo Babauta also has a blog entitled Zen Habits.  In it he shares insights and his personal journey in the power of less.  I found two early entries pertaining to getting healthy.  Part 1 is about setting goals for healthy eating, and Part 2 is the exercise edition.  Both of these entries echo what I have been trying to get across in my last few posts.

Another book I've been reading is from "transformation specialist" Chris Powell, from Extreme Makeover Weight Loss Edition, entitled  Choose More, Lose More for Life.  In it he talks about making "power promises" similar to those mentioned in the above blog posts, but he adds mind to the equation as well.  I really liked this approach and it is what my New Year's Day post was based on.  Some of you might be having trouble coming up with some promises, so I've adapted my own list similar to the one in Chris' book.

Read over the list, there will be some that you already do--put a check-mark by those.  More importantly, there will be some that jump right off the page for you.  These are the ones to pay attention to.  In my earlier post I wanted you to choose three from each category, but I'm going to change that to just one--one really important one, the one you need to focus on the most.   When you see it, you will know what it is.  If you put all your focus and energy on these three (one from each category) goals, you are more likely to be successful than trying to focus on too many things at once.

Of course as I stated before, if you look at the list and see some really easy ones that you don't consider to be a challenge, go ahead and do those as well.  The point is not to get overwhelmed.

Food Promises--I will:



 1.  Eat one or more servings of vegetables every day (preferably more, but at least one).
 2.  Avoid drinks with refined sugar
 3.  Cut down on alcohol.
 4.  Drink water before each meal.
 5.  Use a smaller coffee cup or drink ½ caff or decaf.
 6.  Eat only when I am truly hungry, but not starving (exception if you have blood sugar issues and need to eat more often).
 7.  Eat protein at every meal.
 8.  Quit grazing on junk food in the afternoon.
 9.  Keep healthy snacks on hand at home, work and anywhere else I eat.
10.  Stop eating my kids’ food.
11.  Brush my teeth after meals to signal that the eating is over.
12.  Pack or plan out each day’s snacks and lunch in the morning when I’m fresh and motivated.
13.  Plan out each week’s meal on Sunday or Monday.
14.  Stop eating in the car.
15.  Say no to bad fast food.
16.  Put half of every restaurant meal in a take out container before I start eating (if portions are large).
17.  Eat my entree from a salad plate (if portion control is an issue).
18.  Fill half of my plate with vegetables.
19.  Eat a healthy salad or cup of soup before the rest of my meal.
20.  Skip seconds of higher calorie food--if still hungry, have seconds of veggies
21.  Get rid of all processed foods.
22.  Get rid of all foods containing hydrogenated oils and high fructose corn syrup.
23.  Make my food from scratch using the healthiest and purest ingredients.
24.  Avoid shopping in the middle aisles of the grocery store.
25.  Grill, steam or bake instead of frying my food.
26.  Use healthy oils--olive, coconut
27.  Eat less salt.
28.  Pay attention to how my body feels after eating.
29.  Keep a food journal.
30.  Find healthy substitutions and upgrades for the unhealthy processed foods that I am eating.
31.  Occasionally enjoy my favorite foods in moderation so that I don’t feel deprived (following 80/20 rule).
32.  Stop using food as a reward.
33.  Eat a whole lot more vegetables of different colors.
34.  Eat a piece of fruit every day.
35.  Eat more wild caught fish.
36.  Try new recipes that are free of gluten, refined sugar and dairy.  
37.  Eat less pasta -- no more than once a week.
38.  Eat less bread -- ½ of what I’m currently eating.


Body Promises--I will:



39.  Stay away from the couch, which is a magnet for my butt.
40.  Walk instead of drive wherever I can.
41.  Park farther from the entrance to wherever I am going.
42.  Take the stairs instead of the elevator.
43.  Take a brisk walk in the morning for energy.
44.  Walk the kids to school.
45.  Get up from my desk and walk around for five minutes every hour.
46.  Take a walk during my breaks and lunch hour.
47.  Go for a walk with the family after dinner instead of watching TV.
48.  Walk the dog.
49.  Do my own housework.
50.  Find ways to exercise while doing housework--dance, do squats and lunges.
51.  Mow my lawn with a push mower.
52.  Wash the car by hand.
53.  Exercise for five minutes 2-3 times a day.
54.  Put my workouts on the calendar and keep those appointments.
55.  Exercise during commercials.
56.  Choose cardio exercises that take me outdoors into the fresh air.
57.  Join an exercise class or gym.
58.  Take a new class or try a new exercise.
59.  Sign up for a community or charity walk/race.
60.  Ride a bike more.
61.  Sit up straight.
62.  Keep track of my workouts.
63.  Stand instead of sitting whenever I can.
64.  Smoke one less cigarette a day.
65.  Go to bed fifteen minutes earlier than usual.
66.  Remember to stretch the muscles used after each workout.
67.  Stand on one foot while I brush my teeth--change legs halfway through.
68.  Do flexibility exercises 2-3 times a week.
69.  Floss my teeth everyday.


Mind Promises--I will:



70.  Look myself in the mirror every day and say, “I am worth it.”
71.  Breathe deeply.
72.  Put on workout clothes the minute I get up in the morning.
73.  Keep a checklist of non-negotiable things I must do every day.
74.  Practice a 5 minute meditation every day.
75.  Keep my changes basic and reasonable.
76.  Set small weekly goals instead of big, long-term goals.
77.  Say “I will” instead of “I want” and “I can” instead of “I can’t.”
78.  Act, instead of thinking about acting.
79.  Count my day’s accomplishments each night.
80.  Reward myself for my accomplishments (but not with food).
81.  Forgive myself for one failure a day.
82.  Find something good about myself every day, instead of something that is wrong with me.
83.  Stop eating automatically while watching TV or using the computer.
84.  Practice mindful eating--pay attention to what, when, where, how and why while eating.
85.  Allow myself to say “No thank you, I don’t eat this.”
86.  Use food to nourish my body, not mask my emotions.
87.  Stop eating my sadness.
88.  Stop eating out of boredom.
89.  Make a point of sitting down to meals with the family.
90.  Pay attention to the way I feel before, during and after eating.
91.  Share my feelings with others.
92.  Give myself permission to cry.
93.  List my emotional and food triggers and stay away from them.
94.  Avoid negative and unhealthy people who bring me down.
95.  Surround myself with like-minded people.
96.  Get support.
97.  Ask someone I can trust to hold me accountable for my promises.
98.  Take control of one decision each day and don’t let anyone else make it for me.
99.  Remind myself each day that “nobody will do it for me.”

Next, we will begin with Fitness 101.

Wednesday, February 4, 2015

Are you really ready to make a change?

I've been posting about goals and promises and resolutions, but I didn't touch on one key component.  Are you really ready to make a change?


Here are a few things you need to consider and do to make your transformation possible.

1.  Do you believe in yourself?  In order to be successful, you have to believe in yourself, the process and your ability to succeed.  You need to believe in yourself not just physically, but more importantly mentally.  You need to get your mind out of your body's way.

2.  Stay positive.  You will have ups and downs.  Celebrate the ups, acknowledge the downs and move on.  Do not dwell on hiccups along the way--we all have them.  Instead learn from them; find ways to change your behavior so that they don't happen again.

Stay positive in the way you view yourself as well.  Instead of dwelling on the negative, turn things around.  Calling yourself names like "fat" and "ugly" aren't going to help you reach your goals.  Make the promise right here and now to change your negative attitude about yourself into a positive one.

Write down some positive things...answer these questions:  What is going on your life right now that is good? Why does it have that affect on you?  What makes you happy?  Why?  What are your hobbies?  What are you passionate about?  Look at your answers and see all the good in your life!

3.  Give yourself permission to mess up.  Yes, I want you to make promises that you will keep, but life gets messy sometimes.  If you mess up, look at the situation.  Why did you mess up?  Try making some adjustments to your goal/promise if the original one isn't as easy to keep as you thought.

4.  Surround yourself with positive and supportive people.  Finding someone to share the process with or better yet to go through the process with will increase your chances for success.  They will keep you honest, they will hold you accountable--especially if they are a workout buddy, plus it's just more fun to do this kind of thing with people who will rally around you.  Find people you trust, can confide in and feel totally comfortable with.

Stay away from those who do not have your best interests at heart.  Don't let anyone sabotage what you want to do for yourself.  Sometimes they don't even realize they are doing it.  If that happens, have a conversation with that person to try to rectify the situation.  If it continues, avoid them.  Sometimes people think they are helping by making statements like "You don't look that bad," or "Skipping one workout isn't going to hurt that much."   Explain to them how important this is to you.  Others might feel threatened by what you are doing.  They may wonder where they fit in your journey.  They may think that they will have to lose weight too.  They may feel that they are losing you as a friend because you'd rather work out than go out for pizza.  Try to include them, if they want to join you or find something else to do rather than eat great, if not, you will need to avoid them as well.

Bottom line, it's your life and your journey, you've got to believe in yourself and surround yourself with others that do too.  Do this, and you will be successful.  YOU are the change!